Cardiac output in normal pregnancy

In normal pregnancy, cardiac output starts to rise from early pregnancy and peak at around 20 weeks which is about 1.5litre per minutes (40% above the non pregnant level). This rise is maintained through the rest of pregnancy.
The increase in CO is caused by increased heart rate (15beat/min) and stroke volume (from 65 to 70ml).

What is Ferguson reflex?

The neuronal stimuli caused by distension of the cervix by the presenting part of the fetus increase the secretion of oxytocin more frequently during labour.
This is called as Ferguson Reflex.

With regard to antibodies in SLE

The most common autoantibody is antinuclear antibody (ANA) and seen in 96% of SLE patients.
Antibodies against double stranded DNA and anti Smith antibody are the most specific antibodies.
Both anti Ro and anti La cross the placenta.